[5] The four river monitors were built in Italy during 1907-1907 and assembled at Galați. However, the navy had a low priority within the Romanian Army. 86 assault rifles, PM md. From 15 April to 14 May, numerous German and Romanian warships escorted many convoys between Constanța and Sevastopol. The British torpedo boats from the Căpitan Nicolae Lascăr Bogdan class were built during 1906-1907 and weighed 50 tons each. In 1989 the Romanian Navy had more than 7,500 sailors, organized into a Black Sea Fleet, the Danube Squadron, and the shore-based Coastal Defense. [20] By this late stage of the war, only two destroyers (Regina Maria and Mărășești), two gunboats (Dumitrescu and Ghiculescu), one minelayer (Amiral Murgescu) and three motor torpedo boats were still operational. The Royal Romanian Navy was involved in the evacuation of Axis forces from Crimea in 1944. [5] The main task of the Romanian Flotilla Corps was to transport Russian troops, equipment and supplies across the Danube and to protect the bridges across the river by using mine barrages in key points. The Germans noted the rigid hierarchical system in th… [2] The 307th Marine Battalion was involved in military exercises with similar troops from USA, the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Ukraine that were organized locally or abroad. Standard equipment includes PA md. The survivors were in poor shape, often going barefoot, and one of the main forms of transport seems to have been gaily painted peasant carts. [6][7] Four destroyers (and allegedly a submarine[5][6]) were actually ordered from Italy, but they were not delivered as the Italian Navy requisitioned them in 1914. The scale and importance of the operation can be attested by the usage in combat of all four warships of the Romanian Destroyer Squadron, the largest Axis warships in the Black Sea. On the capitulation of Romania in August 1944, the German warships were ordered to leave Romanian harbours. ) is the navy branch of the Romanian Armed Forces; it operates in the Black Sea and on the Danube. Romanian seaplanes monitored Soviet Navy locations and movements for the Luftwaffe bombers, which, with assistance from Escadrila 102, extirpated Soviet submarines from the Black Sea by late-autumn 1941. No Romanian warship was sunk while the Soviet destroyer leader Moskva was lost to a Romanian minefield as she was avoiding fire from the Romanian warships and coastal artillery. [6] None of these ships were ever built. Battleships 77 Alfred (formerly the Black Prince). [7][9], The Danube Flotilla was more modern,[6][10] and consisted of four river monitors (Lascăr Catargiu, Mihail Kogălniceanu, Ion C. Brătianu and Alexandru Lahovari) and eight British-built torpedo boats. Operations consisted mainly of mine warfare, but there were also escort missions and localized naval engagements. In the early hours of 6 November, the Romanian submarine Delfinul claimed the sinking of the Soviet 1,975-ton cargo ship Uralets four miles South of Yalta during only Romanian submarine torpedo-attack of the war, however the ship was sunk by Luftwaffe and the torpedo attack missed the minelayer Ostrovsky. [12][13][14][15], On 1 October, the Soviet submarine M-118 attacked and sank the German transport ship Salzburg. Recent surveys in the area failed to find the wreck in the alleged sinking location and it has been raised the alternative version that M-118 was lost due German seaplane attack [19] or a Romanian field from barrage "S-30". [14] The overwhelming superiority of the Soviet Navy forced the Royal Romanian Navy to conduct mainly defensive operations throughout the entire war and its warships rarely hazarded further east than Cape Sarych. [5], In 1936, a new rearmament program was proposed. 29 martie 2020. Ships could also be fitted wit… One more armored motor gunboat was sunk at Isaccea by the riverine artillery of a Romanian Marine Infantry detachment. These ships, together with the ones already in service, made Romania's Danube flotilla the most powerful riverine fleet in the world until World War II. On 20 August, the Soviet Air Force carried out a large air raid against Constanța, sinking the Romanian torpedo boat Năluca (she was converted to gunboat before the war). The 307th Marine Battalion ('Batalionul 307 Infanterie Marină') is the costal defence unit of the Romanian Navy. Officers were then trained at Brest, in France. 7,150 men and women serve in the Romanian Navy. Delfinul, the only Axis submarine present in the Black Sea in 1941, was obsolete and mechanically unreliable. [59] Also sunk by Soviet aircraft was the minelayer Aurora, on 15 July 1941, near Sulina. In the ensuing battle, the Soviet Shchuka-class submarine Shch-206 was attacked by Năluca, at first with 20 mm rounds and then with depth charges, eventually being sunk with all hands. Several Romanian names are derived by adding suffixes like –escu, -eanu, -anu, etc. On the coast of the Dubrusja, the port of … The largest naval action fought by the Romanian Navy was the 26 June 1941 Raid on Constanța, and its most extensive operation was the 1944 evacuation of the Crimea. Port bow, underway. boy one; 1st c of mt: first captain of the maintop; 1st c of t: first captain of tops; 1st mus: musician first (writing musician) 2nd c of mt: second captain of the maintop [58] These supplemented the existing squadron of seven motor torpedo boats, consisting of the British-built Viscolul and the six Romanian-built Vedenia-class vessels. In 1941, The Royal Romanian Navy had four destroyers (Mărășești, Mărăști, Regele Ferdinand and Regina Maria), three gunboats, one submarine (Delfinul), three motor torpedo boats, one minelayer, three auxiliary minelayers, fifteen small auxiliary vessels and twenty seaplanes. The largest ships were the quinqueremes, with three banks of rowers, two each for the upper two oars and one rower on the lower oar (around 300 in total). 24 iulie 2020. During the night of 18 September 1941, the motor torpedo boats Viscolul and Vijelia attacked a Soviet convoy South of Odessa, each boat launching her two torpedoes at the closest enemy destroyer. [10] The Romanian Navy had a secondary role during World War I and only had light losses. The Sea Slice combat ship is now one of the best crafts a civilian can buy. Ghiculescu opened fire with tracer rounds, enabling the entire escort group to locate the two Soviet MTBs and open fire. After the War of Independence, two naval rearmament programs were proposed for the Black Sea flotilla. The first base was at Izmail (Black sea), commanded by an Army colonel, Nicolae Steriade. The battalion is organized into infantry, reconnaissance, sniper, mortars, anti-tank artillery, engineers, communications, logistic and naval support units. 66 machine guns, 60/82/120mm mortars, AG-7 and AG-9 launchers, 76mm Md. The base was first established in 1861 at Izmail, but it was later relocated in 1864 at Brăila and in 1867 at Galați. After the unification of Wallachia and Moldavia, Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the ruling Domnitor of the Romanian Principalities, decided on 22 October 1860 by order no. [36][37][38] The Soviet submarine M-31 was either sunk as well by the Romanian mine barrages near the island on 17 December,[39][40] or sunk by the Romanian leader Mărășești in 1943. [6] The Romanian Black Sea squadron also had four old gunboats from the 1880s, which were of limited value, and three old Năluca-class torpedo boats, built in France. [60] She was the only minelayer of the Romanian Navy that was purpose-built and not used for anything else (Amiral Murgescu was also employed as a destroyer escort). Un blog cu si despre nave romanesti, mai noi sau mai vechi si istoriile lor, adeseori uitate. This achievement earned the Romanian naval commander, Rear-Admiral Horia Macellariu, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Crucea de Cavaler a Crucii de Fier, in Romanian). The 1899 program called for six coastal battleships, four destroyers and twelve torpedo boats. [53] The submarine Delfinul started an extensive refit at the end of 1942, which would keep her out of action for the remainder of the war. Thus, by the end of 1943, the main operational warships of the Romanian Black Sea Fleet amounted to: Throughout the war, numerous ports along the Western and Northern shores of the Black Sea were put under the protection of Romanian naval minefields. As a result, Mărăști never ventured far from the coast. Regele Ferdinand frigate is the current flagship of the Romanian Navy. [33][34], On 29–30 October and 5 November 1942, Amiral Murgescu along with one auxiliary minelayer, escorted by the Romanian destroyers Regina Maria and Regele Ferdinand, the Romanian leader Mărăști, the Romanian gunboat Stihi and four German R-boats laid two mine barrages to protect Snake Island. naval forces. Delfinul . Ancient naval vessels were made of wood, water-proofed using pitch and paint, and propelled by both sail and oars. Naval engagements took place on 13 and 14 July, near the mouth of the Danube, on each day the Romanian monitor Mihail Kogălniceanu engaging and damaging a Soviet monitor, the latter being identified as Udarnyy. The Romanian Navy (Romanian language: ForÅ£ele Navale Române The 1899 program called for six coastal battleships, four destroyers and twelve torpedo boats. Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the founder of the Romanian Navy. 64 light machine guns, Md. On 19 August, a day before the Soviet offensive started the Navy had 54 ships on the Black Sea (29 warships and 25 auxiliary) and 137 on the Danube (37 warships and 100 auxiliary), a marine regiment, a navy engineers regiment and a coastal artillery regiment. Her armament was emplaced on the bank of the Danube River to protect against possible attacks by Austro-Hungarian river monitors, and she remained in Sulina for the duration of the war. After the unification of Wallachia and Moldavia, Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the ruling Domnitor of the Romanian Principalities, decided on the 22nd of October 1860 by order no. [29], On 9 November 1941, the Romanian motor torpedo boats Viforul and Vijelia were sunk near Odessa by Soviet mines. After the War of Independence, two naval rearmament programs were proposed for the Black Sea flotilla. [13] These ships were commissioned between 1930 and 1936. [5][13] Another gunboat of the same class was bought for spares. Divizionul 129 Nave Speciale și de Sprijin Logistic; Centrul 338 Mentenanță Tehnică Navală; Secția Logistică 330 Constanța They were not return until after the war. Port stern quarter, underway. [20], The evacuation of the Crimea in April–May 1944 was the most complex and extensive operation of the Romanian Navy during the Second World War. Though the senate lost most of its political power under the empire, families of senatorial rank were still the elite. [55] In addition, five Italian-built CB-class midget submarines were temporarily acquired in the autumn of 1943, however only two could be made serviceable before being returned to the Italian R.S.I. Three of the four torpedoes missed. Last names are often derived from occupation, location, and nicknames. 82 mountain howitzers, 13 ABC-79M and 3 TABC-79M armoured personnel carriers. [23] The unit [30], On 24 June 1942, Amiral Murgescu along with one auxiliary minelayer laid mines off Odessa, while being escorted by the Romanian destroyers Regele Ferdinand and Regina Maria, the Romanian flotilla leader Mărășești, the Romanian gunboats Ghiculescu, Stihi and Dumitrescu and the Romanian gunboat Smeul (ex-torpedo boat), as well as German motor minesweepers of the Donau Flotilla. Ships with multiple levels of rowers, such as the trireme, were fast and manoeuvrable enough to attack enemy vessels by ramming. WARSAW, Poland — Romanian Defence Minister Mihai Fifor has unveiled plans by the ministry to buy three new submarines. Sailing Ships 1 Allegheny (AT19), formerly the Huron. [35] These mines sank the Soviet submarine Shch-212 on 11 December that same year. [6] These ships from Mărăști class were renamed Mărășești and Mărăști. *Each nation is assessed on individual and collective values processed through an in-house formula to generate a 'PwrIndx' score. [1] The Romanian flotilla leader Mărăști and the destroyer Regina Maria together with the minelayer Amiral Murgescu defended the port against the Soviet cruiser Voroshilov and the Leningrad-class destroyer leaders Kharkov and Moskva. [1] Another notable success was the sinking of the Turkish river monitor "Podgoriçe" (Podgorica) by the Romanian coastal artillery on the 7th of November 1877.[1]. [65], The Romanian Black Sea Fleet in June 1941, Romanian naval operations in support of Axis land offensives. The Axis offensives into the Soviet Union were discontinued after Operation Uranus, which took place between 19 and 23 November 1942, during the Battle of Stalingrad. GLOSSARY OF U.S. After attacking, the submarine was located by a German BV 138C flying boat, and the Romanian gunboats Sublocotenent Ghiculescu and Stihi Eugen were sent to the scene. was formed in the mid 1970s for the defence of the Danube Delta and Romanian Black Sea shore. On 10 November, supporting the continuing Allied advance, two Romanian river torpedo boats landed troops at Topalu to occupy the village. This US Navy ship is a steal; it originally went for $15 million in the '90s. The Romanian naval units which directly supported the Axis offensives of 1941 and 1942 inflicted significantly more losses than they took in all engagements. The last reorganization of the Romanian Royal Navy took place after 5 September 1944. Legates or Lieutenants are the second rank holders in the roman military hierarchy who are responsible for commanding legions.The commandants at this position are in charge of a host of tasks. [4.2k] View All [4.2k] The Dr. Albert Goodwin Collection [126] A Gentleman's Collection; A Comprehensive Selection of 20th Century American Gallantry & Casualty Awards [202] A Fine Collection of American Society & Association Membership Badges [75] eMedals Presents a Gentleman's Collection; Germany 1933-1945 [47] The Notable Figures Auction Series - The Estate of SS-Obergruppenführer … Noutăţi. The Soviet Navy moved all Romanian warships to Caucasian ports. These ships represented the Romanian Flotilla during the War of Independence. [14] As a result, only the Romanian-built minelayer Amiral Murgescu and three British-built motor torpedo boats (received in February 1940 and designated: Viforul, Vijelia and Viscolul) were received before the Second World War. The river monitors from the Danube squadron were modernized between 1937 and 1943 at Galați. The first step towards this issue was taken in 1920, when a naval college was founded at Constanța. The older vessels were received in September 1945, while the more modern ones (such as the Regele Ferdinand-class) were kept by the Soviet Black Sea Fleet until the early 1950s. In 1938, the sail ship Mircea was built in Hamburg by the Blohm & Voss shipyard as a training vessel for the Romanian Navy. The protected cruiser Elisabeta (Elizabeth), built in 1888 by Armstrong. [31] The mines laid near Odessa later sank the Soviet submarines M-33 and M-60[32] and the motor gunboats YA-26 and YA-27 in 1944. Two naval actions involving the Romanian Navy took place during the second phase of the evacuation (25 April-10 May), near Sevastopol. [48][49][50], The most notable achievements of the Romanian Naval Aviation during World War II were the sinking of two Soviet submarines by a single Z.501 in August 1941, followed by the capture of a Soviet armed merchantman by a group of Heinkels in October. [1] The main goal of the navy was to organize, train and expand this small force. These ships came into service between 1906 and 1908, signifying both the importance of Danube security to Romania and Romanian difficulties raising planned programmes. During the night of 27 April, a convoy escorted by the Romanian gunboat Ghiculescu, the German submarine hunter UJ-115, one R-boat, two KFK naval trawlers and 19 MFPs (including the Romanian PTA-404 and PTA-406) engaged the Soviet G-5-class motor torpedo boats TKA-332, TKA-343 and TKA-344, after the three attacked and damaged the German submarine hunter UJ-104 (never recovered). The Fleet Command building in Constanța. Index: Pictures of United States Navy Ships 1775-1941 Index by Ship Name AA1 (SS52), renamed T1. "The 307 Marine Battalion is destined to carry out military operations in an amphibious river and lagoon environment, the security of objectives in the coastal area, the Danube Delta and the support of local authorities in case of a civil emergency. [5] The river monitors participated in the defense of Tutrakan and later secured the flank of the Romanian and Russian defenders in Dobrudja. They are currently operated from Navy frigates for search and rescue, medevac and maritime surveillance missions. Of these, 18,000 were transported by Romanian ships. [5], The main focus of the Romanian Navy during the interwar period was the Black Sea fleet. The Romanian Navy has been founded in 1860 as a river flotilla on the Danube. The naval war in the Black Sea commenced with the Raid on Constanța on 26 June 1941, the only encounter between major warships during the entire campaign. The navy was French-trained and organized. [45][46], On 2 November 1941, in support of the German-Romanian troops advancing into the Crimea, the Romanian Navy sent its then-only submarine, Delfinul (also the only Axis submarine in the Black Sea until late 1942), to carry out a patrol off the Crimean coast. [26] These mines later sank three-four Soviet submarines (the S-class S-34 (claimed also by Bulgarian mines [27][28]), L-24, Shch-210 and Shch-211). During the War of Independence, the name used in Romanian historiography to refer to the 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish war, the Romanian Navy sailed under Russian flag. However, when the Soviet minesweeper T-410 Vzryv, accompanied by the Romanian minelayer Amiral Murgescu, was sunk by a German submarine, the Soviet Navy accused the Royal Romanian Navy of betrayal and seized all vessels using this excuse on the 5th of September 1944. She sank on the 10th of October 1941 when she struck a mine laid by a Soviet submarine while herself was minelaying the Bulgarian coast. "Mircea cel Bătrân" Naval Academy in Constanța. Operations consisted mainly of mine warfare, but there were also escort missions and localized naval engagements. 173 to unify the navies into a single flotilla. Days before Operation Barbarossa, between 16 and 19 June 1941, the Romanian minelayer Amiral Murgescu along with two auxiliary minelayers laid a barrage of 1,000 mines off Constanța, and it was these mines that would sink Moskva one week later. The first seamen's training school was established in 1872 at Galați for officers, petty officers and sailors. The main success of the war was the sinking of the Turkish river monitor "Seyfî" near Măcin by a group of spar torpedo boats including "Rândunica" and the Russian Carevitch and Ksenya crafts. [1] These plans mainly concentrated on the Danube flotilla. Losses, however, had been huge with over 130,000 men (including 5,400 officers) killed or wounded. Submarines 161 Alabama (BB8). [5] A number of these warships would have been built under license in Romania at Galați, where a new dry dock was developed.