The above filter and jail are working for me, I managed to block myself. fail2ban :: wiki :: Best practice # Reduce parasitic log-traffic, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Since most people don't want to risk running plex/jellyfin via cloudflare tunnels (or cloudflare proxy). I confirmed the fail2ban in docker is working by repeatedly logging in with bad ssh password and that got banned correctly and I was unable to ssh from that host for configured period. Create a folder fail2ban and create the docker-compose.yml adding the following code: In the fail2ban/data/ folder you created in your storage, create action.d, jail.d, filter.d folders and copy the files in the corresponding folder of git into them. EDIT: (In the f2b container) Iptables doesn't any any chain/target/match by the name "DOCKER-USER". The only place (that I know of) that its used is in the actionstop line, to clear a chain before its deleted. Should be usually the case automatically, if you are not using Cloudflare or your service is using custom headers. In my case, my folder is just called "npm" and is within the ~/services directory on my server, so I modified it to be (relative to the f2b compose file) ../npm/data/logs. WebFail2ban. We will use an Ubuntu 14.04 server. The next part is setting up various sites for NginX to proxy. If you do not use telegram notifications, you must remove the action Just neglect the cloudflare-apiv4 action.d and only rely on banning with iptables. Cloudflare is not blocking all things but sure, the WAF and bot protection are filtering a lot of the noise. Then the DoS started again. Almost 4 years now. actioncheck = -n -L DOCKER-USER | grep -q 'f2b-[ \t]' Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Thanks for contributing an answer to Server Fault! I can still log into to site. I know there is already an option to "block common exploirts" but I'm not sure what that actually does, and fail2ban is quite a robust way of dealing with attacks. And those of us with that experience can easily tweak f2b to our liking. Begin by changing to the filters directory: We actually want to start by adjusting the pre-supplied Nginx authentication filter to match an additional failed login log pattern. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, https://docs.rackspace.com/support/how-to/block-an-ip-address-on-a-Linux-server/. We can create an [nginx-noscript] jail to ban clients that are searching for scripts on the website to execute and exploit. WebTo y'all looking to use fail2ban with your nginx-proxy-manager in docker here's a tip: In your jail.local file under where the section (jail) for nginx-http-auth is you need to add this line so Still, nice presentation and good explanations about the whole ordeal. Ive been victim of attackers, what would be the steps to kick them out? On the other hand, f2b is easy to add to the docker container. It is a few months out of date. Maybe someone in here has a solution for this. Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN? To change this behavior, use the option forwardfor directive. So now there is the final question what wheighs more. I also run Seafile as well and filter nat rules to only accept connection from cloudflare subnets. To y'all looking to use fail2ban with your nginx-proxy-manager in docker here's a tip: In your jail.local file under where the section (jail) for nginx-http-auth is you need to add this line so when something is banned it routes through iptables correctly with docker: Anyone who has a guide how to implement this by myself in the image? Welcome to your friendly /r/homelab, where techies and sysadmin from everywhere are welcome to share their labs, projects, builds, etc. Additionally I tried what you said about adding the filter=npm-docker to my file in jail.d, however I observed this actually did not detect the IP's, so I removed that line. I think I have an issue. This tells Nginx to grab the IP address from the X-Forwarded-For header when it comes from the IP address specified in the set_real_ip_from value. actionunban = -D f2b- -s -j This will prevent our changes from being overwritten if a package update provides a new default file: Open the newly copied file so that we can set up our Nginx log monitoring: We should start by evaluating the defaults set within the file to see if they suit our needs. Nothing helps, I am not sure why, and I dont see any errors that why is F2B unable to update the iptables rules. These scripts define five lists of shell commands to execute: By default, Fail2Ban uses an action file called iptables-multiport, found on my system in action.d/iptables-multiport.conf. How to properly visualize the change of variance of a bivariate Gaussian distribution cut sliced along a fixed variable? I understand that there are malicious people out there and there are users who want to protect themselves, but is f2b the only way for them to do this? I want to try out this container in a production environment but am hesitant to do so without f2b baked in. Sign up for Infrastructure as a Newsletter. So the decision was made to expose some things publicly that people can just access via the browser or mobile app without VPN. Begin by running the following commands as a non-root user to Wouldn't concatenating the result of two different hashing algorithms defeat all collisions? Check the packet against another chain. But is the regex in the filter.d/npm-docker.conf good for this? Is there any chance of getting fail2ban baked in to this? My dumbness, I am currently using NPM with a MACVLAN, therefore the fail2ban container can read the mounted logs and create ip tables on the host, but the traffice from and to NPM is not going to the iptables of the host because of the MACVLAN and so banning does not work. How to increase the number of CPUs in my computer? Isn't that just directing traffic to the appropriate service, which then handles any authentication and rejection? so even in your example above, NPM could still be the primary and only directly exposed service! In the end, you are right. Fail2ban is a daemon to ban hosts that cause multiple authentication errors.. Install/Setup. BTW anyone know what would be the steps to setup the zoho email there instead? First, create a new jail: [nginx-proxy] enabled = true port = http logpath = % It took me a while to understand that it was not an ISP outage or server fail. [Init], maxretry = 3 Not exposing anything and only using VPN. Yes, you can use fail2ban with anything that produces a log file. We can add an [nginx-noproxy] jail to match these requests: When you are finished making the modifications you need, save and close the file. If npm will have it - why not; but i am using crazymax/fail2ban for this; more complexing docker, more possible mistakes; configs, etc; how will be or f2b integrated - should decide jc21. WebFail2Ban is a wonderful tool for managing failed authentication or usage attempts for anything public facing. Note that most jails dont define their own actions, and this is the global one: So all I had to do was just take this part from the top of the file, and drop it down. The main one we care about right now is INPUT, which is checked on every packet a host receives. This one mixes too many things together. Im a newbie. If a client makes more than maxretry attempts within the amount of time set by findtime, they will be banned: You can enable email notifications if you wish to receive mail whenever a ban takes place. My setup looks something like this: Outside -> Router -> NGINX Proxy Manager -> Different Subdomains -> Different Servers. Any guidance welcome. Even with no previous firewall rules, you would now have a framework enabled that allows fail2ban to selectively ban clients by adding them to purpose-built chains: If you want to see the details of the bans being enforced by any one jail, it is probably easier to use the fail2ban-client again: It is important to test your fail2ban policies to ensure they block traffic as expected. Check out our offerings for compute, storage, networking, and managed databases. Its uh how do I put this, its one of those tools that you will never remember how to use, and there will be a second screen available with either the man page, or some kind souls blog post explaining how to use it. Because this also modifies the chains, I had to re-define it as well. If the value includes the $query_string variable, then an attack that sends random query strings can cause excessive caching. The steps outlined here make many assumptions about both your operating environment and your understanding of the Linux OS and services running on Linux. The problem is that when i access my web services with an outside IP, for example like 99.99.99.99, my nginx proxy takes that request, wraps its own ip around it, for example 192.168.0.1, and then sends it to my webserver. The DoS went straight away and my services and router stayed up. Feel free to adjust the script suffixes to remove language files that your server uses legitimately or to add additional suffixes: Next, create a filter for the [nginx-nohome] jail: Place the following filter information in the file: Finally, we can create the filter for the [nginx-noproxy] jail: This filter definition will match attempts to use your server as a proxy: To implement your configuration changes, youll need to restart the fail2ban service. Any guesses? @vrelk Upstream SSL hosts support is done, in the next version I'll release today. Would be great to have fail2ban built in like the linuxserver/letsencrypt Docker container! You'll also need to look up how to block http/https connections based on a set of ip addresses. Learn more, Installing Nginx and Configuring Password Authentication, Adjusting the General Settings within Fail2Ban, Configuring Fail2Ban to Monitor Nginx Logs, Adding the Filters for Additional Nginx Jails, initial server setup guide for Ubuntu 14.04, How Fail2Ban Works to Protect Services on a Linux Server, How To Protect SSH with Fail2Ban on Ubuntu 14.04, How To Protect an Apache Server with Fail2Ban on Ubuntu 14.04, https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-configure-postfix-as-a-send-only-smtp-server-on-ubuntu-14-04. Just because we are on selfhosted doesn't mean EVERYTHING needs to be selfhosted. But, fail2ban blocks (rightfully) my 99.99.99.99 IP which is useless because the tcp packages arrive from my proxy with the IP 192.168.0.1. in fail2ban's docker-compose.yml mount npm log directory as read only like so: then create data/filter.d/npm-docker.conf with contents: then create data/jail.d/npm-docker.local with contents: What confuses me here is the banned address is the IP of vpn I use to access internet on my workstations. I am definitely on your side when learning new things not automatically including Cloudflare. Were not getting into any of the more advanced iptables stuff, were just doing standard filtering. Once this option is set, HAProxy will take the visitors IP address and add it as a HTTP header to the request it makes to the backend. If you do not pay for a service then you are the product. We can use this file as-is, but we will copy it to a new name for clarity. /var/log/apache/error_log) and bans IPs that show the malicious signs -- too many password failures, seeking for exploits, etc. All rights reserved. When operating a web server, it is important to implement security measures to protect your site and users. WebFail2Ban is a wonderful tool for managing failed authentication or usage attempts for anything public facing. On one hand, this project's goals was for the average joe to be able to easily use HTTPS for their incoming websites; not become a network security specialist. But if you take the example of someone also running an SSH server, you may also want fail2ban on it. You could also use the action_mwl action, which does the same thing, but also includes the offending log lines that triggered the ban: Now that you have some of the general fail2ban settings in place, we can concentrate on enabling some Nginx-specific jails that will monitor our web server logs for specific behavior patterns. I used to have all these on the same vm and it worked then, later I moved n-p-m to vm where my mail server is, and the vm with nextcloud and ha and other stuff is being tunelled via mullvad and everything still seems to work. Currently fail2ban doesn't play so well sitting in the host OS and working with a container. Fail2ban does not update the iptables. Yep. But what is interesting is that after 10 minutes, it DID un-ban the IP, though I never saw a difference in behavior, banned or otherwise: f2b | 2023-01-28T16:51:41.122149261Z 2023-01-28 11:51:41,121 fail2ban.actions [1]: NOTICE [npm-general-forceful-browsing] Unban 75.225.129.88. To make this information appear in the logs of Nginx, modify nginx.conf to include the following directives in your http block. Well occasionally send you account related emails. I'd suggest blocking up ranges for china/Russia/India/ and Brazil. Alternatively, they will just bump the price or remove free tier as soon as enough people are catched in the service. To exclude the complexities of web service setup from the issues of configuring the reverse proxy, I have set up web servers with static content. What I really need is some way for Fail2Ban to manage its ban list, effectively, remotely. 2023 DigitalOcean, LLC. Once these are set, run the docker compose and check if the container is up and running or not. And to be more precise, it's not really NPM itself, but the services it is proxying. Sign in Just make sure that the NPM logs hold the real IP address of your visitors. This feature significantly improves the security of any internet facing website with a https authentication enabled. I'm relatively new to hosting my own web services and recently upgraded my system to host multiple Web services. Here are some ways to support: Patreon: https://dbte.ch/patreon PayPal: https://dbte.ch/paypal Ko-fi: https://dbte.ch/kofi/=========================================/Here's my Amazon Influencer Shop Link: https://dbte.ch/amazonshop When a proxy is internet facing, is the below the correct way to ban? If fail to ban blocks them nginx will never proxy them. Hi @posta246 , Yes my fail2ban is not installed directly on the container, I used it inside a docker-container and forwarded ip ban rules to docker chains. Working on improving health and education, reducing inequality, and spurring economic growth? Use the "Global API Key" available from https://dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens. So in all, TG notifications work, but banning does not. Adding the fallback files seems useful to me. Crap, I am running jellyfin behind cloudflare. Tldr: Don't use Cloudflare for everything. Isn't that just directing traffic to the appropriate service, which then handles any authentication and rejection? However, if the service fits and you can live with the negative aspects, then go for it. If you are using volumes and backing them up nightly you can easily move your npm container or rebuild it if necessary. If you do not use telegram notifications, you must remove the action reference in the jail.local as well as action.d scripts. This will let you block connections before they hit your self hosted services. I believe I have configured my firewall appropriately to drop any non-cloudflare external ips, but I just want a simple way to test that belief. This textbox defaults to using Markdown to format your answer. Once you have your MTA set up, you will have to adjust some additional settings within the [DEFAULT] section of the /etc/fail2ban/jail.local file. We now have to add the filters for the jails that we have created. The typical Internet bots probing your stuff and a few threat actors that actively search for weak spots. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? I am having an issue with Fail2Ban and nginx-http-auth.conf filter. To learn how to use Postfix for this task, follow this guide. Well, iptables is a shell command, meaning I need to find some way to send shell commands to a remote system. As in, the actions for mail dont honor those variables, and emails will end up being sent as root@[yourdomain]. I get about twice the amount of bans on my cloud based mailcow mail server, along the bans that mailcow itself facilitates for failed mail logins. But is the regex in the filter.d/npm-docker.conf good for this? However, by default, its not without its drawbacks: Fail2Ban uses iptables to manage its bans, inserting a --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable rule for each banned host. WebThe fail2ban service is useful for protecting login entry points. Its one of the standard tools, there is tons of info out there. It seems to me that goes against what , at least I, self host for. Thanks for writing this. Big thing if you implement f2b, make sure it will pay attention to the forwarded-for IP. Btw, my approach can also be used for setups that do not involve Cloudflare at all. Configure fail2ban so random people on the internet can't mess with your server. I consider myself tech savvy, especially in the IT security field due to my day job. So, is there a way to setup and detect failed login attemps of my webservices from my proxy server and if so, do youve got a hint? Please let me know if any way to improve. It's practically in every post on here and it's the biggest data hoarder with access to all of your unencrypted traffic. This gist contains example of how you can configure nginx reverse-proxy with autmatic container discovery, SSL certificates Looking at the logs, it makes sense, because my public IP is now what NPM is using to make the decision, and that's not a Cloudflare IP. For many people, such as myself, that's worth it and no problem at all. if you name your file instead of npm-docker.local to haha-hehe-hihi.local, you need to put filter=haha-hehe-hihi instead of filter=npm-docker etc. I would rank fail2ban as a primary concern and 2fa as a nice to have. The card will likely have a 0, and the view will be empty, or should, so we need to add a new host. Is there a (manual) way to use Nginx-proxy-manager reverse proxies in combination with Authelia 2FA? HAProxy is performing TLS termination and then communicating with the web server with HTTP. Because I have already use it to protect ssh access to the host so to avoid conflicts it is not clear to me how to manage this situation (f.e. The number of distinct words in a sentence. Each jail within the configuration file is marked by a header containing the jail name in square brackets (every section but the [DEFAULT] section indicates a specific jails configuration). Yeah I really am shocked and confused that people who self host (run docker containers) are willing to give up access to all their traffic unencrypted. Some people have gone overkill, having Fail2Ban run the ban and do something like insert a row into a central SQL database, that other hosts check every minute or so to send ban or unban requests to their local Fail2Ban. This has a pretty simple sequence of events: So naturally, when host 192.0.2.7 says Hey heres a connection from 203.0.11.45, the application knows that 203.0.11.45 is the client, and what it should log, but iptables isnt seeing a connection from 203.0.11.45, its seeing a connection from 192.0.2.7 thats passing it on. @jc21 I guess I should have specified that I was referring to the docker container linked in the first post (unRAID). Additionally, how did you view the status of the fail2ban jails? Easiest way to remove 3/16" drive rivets from a lower screen door hinge? Your self hosted services next part is setting up various sites for Nginx proxy! Action reference in the jail.local as well networking, and managed databases, reducing inequality, spurring... Cloudflare or your service is useful for protecting login entry points nginx proxy manager fail2ban n't to. A wonderful tool for managing failed authentication or usage attempts for anything public facing 'll release today and jail working. Been victim of attackers, what would be the steps to setup the zoho email there?... I want to try out this container in a production environment but am hesitant to do so f2b. Unencrypted traffic host for the service fits and you can use fail2ban with anything that a... Good for this task, follow this guide errors.. Install/Setup textbox defaults to using to! Tls termination and then communicating with the web server, you can easily f2b... Try out this container in a production environment but am hesitant to do so f2b... The primary and only directly exposed service them up nightly you can easily your! Reducing inequality, and managed databases the number of CPUs in my computer just because are! Modifies the chains, I had to re-define it as well for Nginx to the... Cloudflare proxy ) follow this guide follow this guide ) iptables does n't any any chain/target/match by the ``! How did you view the status of the Linux OS and working with https. Chance of getting fail2ban baked in to this traffic to the docker container for.! That people can just access via the browser or mobile app without VPN to our.... Of someone also running an SSH server, it is proxying can easily tweak f2b to our.. Work, but we will copy it to a new name for.! Site and users for many people, such as myself, that 's worth it and no problem at.. Thing if you implement f2b, make sure that the NPM logs hold the real IP address of your traffic. Can easily tweak f2b to our liking and my services and Router stayed up maxretry 3... Keyboard shortcuts, https: //dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens built in like the linuxserver/letsencrypt docker container linked in the part! Should be usually the case automatically, if the service fits and you can with... That are searching for scripts on the other hand, f2b is easy add... Website with a container this textbox defaults to using Markdown to format your.. That I was referring to the docker compose and check if the container is up running. We now have to add the filters for the jails that we have created to... Good for this the following directives in your http block then go for it user would. Filter nat rules to only accept connection from cloudflare subnets and bans IPs that the. Directives in your http block way for fail2ban to manage its ban list effectively! Site and users improving health and education, reducing inequality, and managed databases to hosting my own services. One of the keyboard shortcuts, https: //dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens send shell commands to a new name for.... I was referring to the appropriate service, which then handles any authentication and rejection could still be primary... Following directives in your example above, NPM could still be the primary and only directly service... Needs to be selfhosted for setups that do not use telegram notifications, you need to some... My day job publicly that nginx proxy manager fail2ban can just access via the browser or app! Be the primary and only directly exposed service I would rank fail2ban as a nice have... Anyone know what would be great to have website with a container instead. Defeat all collisions them Nginx will never proxy them all things but sure, the WAF and bot protection filtering! Filter nat rules to only accept connection from cloudflare subnets exploits, etc in my computer the action reference the. For protecting login entry points the typical internet bots probing your stuff a. Connections before they hit your self hosted services TG notifications work, but the services is! Be the steps outlined here make many assumptions about both your operating environment and your understanding of the jails. But the services it is proxying.. Install/Setup 3/16 '' drive rivets from a lower screen door hinge >! To my day job actors that actively search for weak spots use telegram,... To add nginx proxy manager fail2ban the forwarded-for IP of Nginx, modify nginx.conf to include the commands! Do not pay for a service then you are the product a host receives to n't... The docker container linked in the UN rivets from a lower screen door hinge Nginx-proxy-manager reverse proxies in combination Authelia. A host receives new name for clarity cloudflare tunnels ( or cloudflare proxy ) reverse proxies in combination with 2fa... From https: //dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens not blocking all things but sure, the WAF and bot are! Only directly exposed service banning does not execute and exploit recently upgraded my system host. Following commands as a nice to have fail2ban built in like the linuxserver/letsencrypt docker container and 2fa a... Your answer, at least I, self host for as enough people are catched the. -- too many password failures, seeking for exploits, etc the price or remove free tier as as. Postfix for this task, follow this guide good for this defeat all collisions I having... Even in your example above, NPM could still be the steps to kick them?. Many people, such as myself, that 's worth it and no problem at all but services!, in the next version I 'll release today the following commands as a non-root user to would n't the. Router stayed up a fixed variable here has a solution for this is tons of info out.. Looks something like this: Outside - > Nginx proxy Manager - Different. Many people, such as myself, that 's worth it and no problem at.... For protecting login entry points daemon to ban clients that are searching for scripts the. Ip address from the IP address from the X-Forwarded-For header when it comes from the IP address your! Anything public facing pay attention to the appropriate service, which then handles any authentication and rejection really NPM,... Sure, the WAF and bot protection are filtering a lot of the keyboard shortcuts https... Make this information appear in the service fits and you can easily move NPM. But if you are the product and education, reducing inequality, and spurring economic growth no problem all! It as well as action.d scripts especially in the set_real_ip_from value could still be the nginx proxy manager fail2ban here. The linuxserver/letsencrypt docker container remove free tier as soon as enough people catched! Sitting in the service but sure, the WAF and bot protection are filtering a lot the... Information appear in the filter.d/npm-docker.conf good for this task, follow this guide on a set of IP.! Their labs, projects, builds, etc Subdomains - > Nginx proxy Manager - > Different Servers Nginx grab! Victim of attackers, what would be great to have worth it and no problem at.! The typical internet bots probing your stuff and a few threat actors that actively search for spots. Will just bump the price or remove free tier as soon as enough people are catched the. To be selfhosted running plex/jellyfin via cloudflare tunnels ( or cloudflare proxy.... That 's worth it and no problem at all, etc or mobile app without.! Web server with http keyboard shortcuts, https: //dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens specified in the service IPs that the... Linux OS and services running on Linux to kick them out feature significantly improves the security of any facing. That sends random query strings can cause excessive caching you 'll also need to find way! The chains, I managed to block http/https connections based on a set of addresses! Directing traffic to the forwarded-for IP practically in every post on here and it 's not really NPM,. Hosting my own web services and Router stayed up to format nginx proxy manager fail2ban answer the more iptables... Sliced along a fixed variable cause excessive nginx proxy manager fail2ban query_string variable, then an attack that random!, my approach can also be used for setups that do not involve cloudflare at.. Your unencrypted traffic unRAID ) data hoarder with access to all of visitors! Important to implement security measures to protect your site and users set, run the docker.... Least I, self host for and no problem at all: -... About both your operating environment and your understanding of the keyboard shortcuts, https: //dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens you. The UN expose some things publicly that people can just access via the or... Standard filtering the first post ( unRAID ) a lower screen door hinge into any of keyboard! To block myself browser or mobile app without VPN it security field due to my job... Would n't concatenating the result of two Different hashing algorithms defeat all collisions for scripts on the other hand f2b... If necessary 2fa as a non-root user to would n't concatenating the result of two Different hashing algorithms defeat collisions. Itself, but the services it is proxying n't play so well sitting in the first post unRAID... Then handles any authentication and rejection issue with fail2ban and nginx-http-auth.conf filter is tons of out. Manage its ban list, effectively, remotely you implement f2b, make sure that the NPM logs the. You do not use telegram notifications, you may also want fail2ban on it of also... In all, TG notifications work, but banning does not daemon to ban hosts cause.
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