Call us today to get started. Thank you for your interest inWinGate Wilderness Therapy! External discipline. He had to appear at court for his possession charge a misdemeanor. Scared Straight and other juvenile awareness programs bring juvenile delinquents or youth at risk of delinquency on organized group visits to prisons that include observations of prison life and interactions with adult inmates. The majority of those Operation R.I.S.K. There is an inherent healing quality of being in the wilderness, with natural consequences being taught through every choice and action but in a manner that is empowering, rather than disheartening. 803-576 . Body image issues are common among teens, and they can arise as early as the WinGate Wilderness Therapy is aprivate pay therapy program. program has inspired dozens of inmate-run intervention programs in men's and women's prisons across the country. A good contact number must be provided to the Operation R.I.S.K. Students receive an excellent education in these magnet and charter military institutions. Chester County, South Carolina Sheriff Alex Underwood says his Scared Straight program, Project STORM, helps at risk kids and disputes child psychologist experts who say the program is harmful to . These Self-image is a person's entire conception of his or her abilities, skills, Students from South Carolina, who wish to enroll in our program, will be required to travel and temporarily relocate to Utah. California and Maryland prison officials said Friday they have suspended youthful offender diversion programs featured on the television show "Beyond Scared Straight." CBS News Bay Area: Free 24/7 . If you consider sending your teen to a scared straight program, it might be a good idea to consider other options. Participants will be selected based on the totality of circumstances and issues that is surrounding a potential candidate. By treating our teenage wilderness clients with dignity and respect in a distraction-free environment, adolescent wilderness students are encouraged to address their problems at their pace. Unfortunately, this kind of misguided . Program will be chosen on a first come and as needed basis. Two states suspended Scared Straight programs on Friday. To request removal of your name from an arrest report, submit these required items to arrestreports@patch.com. I suspect the sheriff is trying to do the right thing, he said. Troubled adolescents in South Carolina have a high chance of their behavior escalating and of finding themselves caught up in the legal justice system, which is taking a less favorable look at teens and frequently trying them as adults. The Seventh Circuit Solicitor's Office adopted the program for Spartanburg and Cherokeecounties in 1997. Your email address will not be published. 2011-12-16T03:00:00Z . This agency-wide event coincides with the National Day of Service and emphasizes the agencys continuing commitment to playing an active role in helping our communities become better places to work, live, and play. The U.S. Department of Justice Tyler is no longer smoking marijuana, and the structured environment at the military academy has helped Tyler learn how to control his temper. The 'Scared Straight' and similar programs included in this review involved 1-3 visits to prisons by juvenile delinquents and those at risk of becoming juvenile delinquents for 3-13 hours. When to set your clocks for daylight saving time, A raw bar, Asian restaurant, ice cream shop and arcade debut at Concord food hall. . South Carolina is also reviewing the issue, according to mercurynews.com. h}3nOcUZ;"_u.4Q 8 Throughout the WinGate Wilderness Therapy program, the adolescent wilderness students have access to trained and licensed practitioners in an environment that guides their transformation, and encourages them to actively participate in their treatment. The Seventh Circuit Solicitor's Office adopted the program for Spartanburg and Cherokee counties in 1997. We've already shared the top 25, top 20, top 15, and top 10.And now, here are the top 5 blog posts of 2012! The APO program is comprised of volunteers from the community who serve in the local DJJ offices supervising one or more non-violent and low-risk juvenile probationers. But Petrosino, the criminal justice researcher, said that Shapiros follow-up of youth in Scared Straight would not be viewed as credible evidence in the scientific community because he did not examine a valid comparison group. These services include transportation and behavior modification services provided by private providers. Established in the 1970s, Scared Straight programs are used throughout the United States as a means of deterring juvenile crimejuvenile crimeJuvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, is the act of participating in unlawful behavior as a minor or individual younger than the statutory age of majority. TylerAt the Conclusion of Production:According to his mother, Tyler still smokes pot, is disrespectful and cares little about school. An additional study by Aos and others (2006) conducted a cost-benefit analysis of 10 . Katie and Logan have agreed to be roommates, and Katie plans to move into Logan's apartment in the next couple of weeks. They lose hope and faith in themselves, and that sense of hopelessness and despair is only strengthened by punishment based treatment that focuses on their mistakes. Through Arbitration, trained volunteer arbitrators guide the development of common-sense solutions and monitor the youths progress throughout the 90 days they are participating in the program. If you have a teen going through lack of motivation issues and you feel like Juvenile Arbitration is a program operated in all 16 judicial circuits in South Carolina to divert first-time, non-violent juvenile offenders from the court. Allow the juvenile offender an opportunity to repair harm that they have caused to a victim and the community. Taught at the local county level in many communities across the state, CHOICES is a curriculum tool that teaches young people to make positive decisions in their lives to help them avoid repeating criminal behaviors. There is no room for making a decision that could set your teen further back . Parents have to pay a $10 administrative fee to cover the cost of a jumper, a snack and breakfast. Next Step Program " Scared Straight " programs are designed to deter at-risk youth by forcing them into an exaggeratedly violent and threatening prison setting for 1-3 . Solicitor's Intervention Programs / Expungements. HIPAA Compliance. Mark Lipsey at the Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy . Call Family Help & Wellness at (844) 413-2722 now to get help. One had done time for a bookmaking scheme. You dont will that. Recent studies have shown that boot camps for troubled teens from North Carolina, military . There are troubled teen programs and boarding schools that have good success helping youth in these age ranges. Established in the 1970s, Scared Straight programs are used throughout the United States as a means of deterring juvenile crime. Answer (1 of 2): Cedar Ridge Academy Has The Perfect Summer Program For Troubled Teens One of the most important things for parents to understand about the summer program we run at Cedar Ridge Academy is how comprehensive our approach is. Without the distraction of computers, tv, friends who often encourage the perpetuation of problems, cellphones, and video games, at-risk teens from South Carolina are able to think clearly and honestly about what they're experiencing and why they are behaving the way they do. Required fields are marked *. Soldiers, civilians, retirees and family members make up the Fort Jackson community that continues to grow in numbers and facilities. This helps to reinforce in the mind of a struggling teen that they do indeed have a future and that one mistake does not ruin their life. Finckenauer randomly assigned 82 juveniles, some of whom were not delinquents, to the program or to a no treatment control group. Scared Straight programmes involve organised visits to prison facilities by juvenile delinquents or children at risk of becoming delinquent. Each year in September hundreds of DJJ youth along with DJJ staff and many community partners across the state of South Carolina participate in the DJJ Restoring Carolina through Youth Service event. Filmed at Rahway State Prison, a group of inmates known as the "lifers" berate, scream at, and terrify the young offenders in an attempt to "scare them straight", so that those . It is our desire to guide, guide, and coach parents from South Carolina, with a at-risk child, through a very difficult time. We are closely monitoring information related to COVID-19, adhering to recommendations set forth by CDC, and have implemented additional safety precautions to mitigate risks. They usually entail visits by at-risk youth to adult prisons, where youth hear about the harsh reality of prison life from inmates. Defining Healthy Boundaries For Your Teenagers. >8EQxJg`mi,:gv_5cw??h6h31lyq'cXI.^q%vXCzl!N0+q#2:l0:w`i>RYI;U5UJVp@pGO[8\`xwz!+7 Columbia, SC 29221 Beyond Scared Straight is getting heavy promotion on the A&E Network and online. It is said that children are our most precious resource, and ensuring that they are placed on a path to success has been one of Sheriff's Lott's priorities. South Carolina Department of Corrections, The South Carolina Gang Association, The Office, Chester County Government and/or their . They usually entail visits by at-risk youth to adult prisons, where youth hear about the harsh reality of prison life from inmates." The point of the program is to catch the bad behavior early Scared Straight Read More Beyond Scared Straight is a reality television series that aired on A&E from 2011 to 2015. . Texas drives 1,000 miles to Richland County, South Carolina to enter them in the overnight program. At the end of their stay, officers from the Richland County Sheriff's Department Gang Unit talk to the youth about how to avoid a real trip to jail. For some families, a therapeutic boot camp program (also called a wilderness camp) can be a very effective treatment alternative for unmanageable and extremely naughty children. But there is hope. Juvenile Arbitration is a program operated in all 16 judicial circuits in South Carolina todivert first-time, non-violent juvenile offenders from the court. Michael Teague, a psychologist who was in charge of providing mental health treatment in North Carolinas youth prisons in the early 1990s, said the Chester County program appeared to put some youths at risk of physical injury. "No, don't go there!" Photo of amazed four friends watching a movie at home. Logan lives at her new apartment, which she pays for herself. South Carolina Department Operation R.I.S.K. Studies have found that Scared Straight programs are purely not effective in deterring criminal activity, in fact, the intervention \u201cmay be harmful and increase delinquency . Premiere Date: February 3, 2011. You have to learn it.. Then he and another deputy got within inches of the boys face and yelled. Our intake counselors can be reached immediately at (800) 560-1599. The goal of Operation R.I.S.K. xC"2xY~EL-cSwQcN35I7/nQ
l2]{(L}JCxu^9[+ Affiliate program. And if (psychologists) want to say its abuse, then they need to do a study on the prison system itself and see what inmates do to youth when they come into the system. The program was created and implemented by Sheriff Alex Underwood upon his installation as Sheriff of Chester County on January 8, 2013. (Juveniles Under Motivated Pressure) Start Program for challenged youth which aims to reduce delinquent behavior among our youth. Call our young adult program at (828) 412-1385 now to get help. Chester County Sheriff Alex Underwood disputes that his program is harmful or abusive. Scared Straight Programs Are All Talk After "Scared Straight" became popular in the 1970s, a number of research reports evaluated children who went through the program compared to control groups and found that many of the youth who . While numerous get tough programs are often suggested for at-risk teens in South Carolina, such as military style boot camp or scared straight programs, leading research has shown that these programs actually serve to increase recidivism rates and boost the odds of offending by 60%-70%. This is a consistent rule for all of the military branches: Do not expect your service member to be able to call you, text you, or receive your messages when they are in Basic Training. It may seem like teens and young adults have all the time in the world to However, many of these camps offer financial aid. But in an email to the newspaper, he criticized the academic studies of Scared Straight programs, saying that none followed the same youths over any significant period of time. It could really set someone back, said Frank, who has written books on psychological problems in children. Lilienfeld et al, 2010, p.225 . Rather than hanging out with the wrong crowd at school, she now chooses friends who care about her. Teens can join programs such as the Junior Explorers or the Explorers Post 601, which aims to develop and shape our young people into becoming responsible adults and exposing them to the law enforcement field by teaching them discipline, leadership and accountability. One program touts a 97% success rate for students that attend their schools. stockpile guns, Get ready for less sleep in Charlotte. The program focuses on educating young offenders about good decision making and the potential consequences of continued delinquent behavior, and includes a parent education component and a presentation from DJJs The Insiders. She is now taking online classes to graduate and has stopped partying. Scared Straight programs are used throughout the United States as a means of deterring juvenile crime. All Rights Reserved. In each hourlong episode follows a handful of at-risk teenagers. For more information, please visit the Expanse Wilderness therapy for adults website, or call them at (800) 685-3059. South Carolina Department of Mental Health: The S.C. Department of Mental Health gives priority to adults, children, and their families affected by serious mental illnesses and significant emotional disorders. Do Scared Straight programs still exist? A Lunch Buddy spends an hour or two each month to share lunch, fun, friendship, and support the schools academic and enrichment activities. is a statewide gang and violence prevention program built around a school-based, law enforcement and DJJ probation officer-instructed classroom program of study. Anthony Petrosino, director of the WestEd Justice and Prevention Research Center in San Francisco, said such programs appeal to the common belief that getting tough with troubled kids will help straighten them out. For more information about the show "Beyond Scared Straight," visit the A&E website. In addition to serving the adults of Richland County, deputies under the Youth Services unit of the Uniform Division help our youth through a variety of programs. Outback Therapeutic Expeditions is continuing to support families through this unprecedented time. Its a matter of skills, social competence to get through the day, Dodge said. Do we want to tear children down? Teague asked. That's the life Richland County teens experienced during their overnight stay in a prison cell as part of the sheriff's department's R.E.A.D.Y Program. Where this same research is showing the types of programs and treatment for transformation that do not work for struggling teens in South Carolina, this research is also showing what does work. WinGate Wilderness Therapyserves adolescents ages 13-17. Scared Straight Programs Near Me Scared Straight and other programs involve organized visits to prison facilities by juvenile delinquents or at-risk kids to deter them from delinquency. Now you sit over here and God-dern suffer., Dr. Desmond Runyan, a pediatrician who has extensively studied child abuse and co-founded a comprehensive child abuse center in Chapel Hill, said he believes such treatment is likely to create more delinquents than it helps., If a parent did this, there is no question that I would be making a report to Child Protective Services, he wrote in an email to the Observer. Parents who are seeking programs that will help reroute their trouble children can enroll their children in the BRIDGE Program, which aims to motivate and accelerate juveniles in Richland County who struggle or need a boost in the classroom or home due to behavior or loss of focus. Here at WinGate, we recognize that the experiences of one at-risk child doesnt always apply to all of our teenage students. Will you need insurance to help pay for treatment? Proponents of this approach believed that the scare tactics would work, and the program was born. South Carolina law-enforcement officials hope a long night in jail will knock some sense into teenage troublemakers. One had died of a drug overdose. The program is intended to help prevent their involvement in delinquency, youth violence, and gang membership. The show profiles jail-deterrence programs aimed at keeping teens across the nation out of prison. He visits his own father on weekends. And 13 of the 17 had turned their lives around, Shapiro wrote. Get the latest on new episodes, bonus content, exclusive articles and more. Capt. . - Guardians of the Night K9 5K: Save the Date. The kids are being shown that it is OK to abuse other people, Lubit said. WinGate Wilderness Therapy is a premier wilderness therapy program, who gives a unique approach to treatment and recovery for troubled teenagers from South Carolina where focus is placed upon the future of the teenage student rather than on their mistakes. South Carolina. COLUMBIA, SC (WIS) - Parents of teenage children are probably very familiar with the expression "tough love," but a Richland . Care2 Stands Against: bigots, racists, bullies, science deniers, misogynists, gun lobbyists, xenophobes, the willfully ignorant, animal abusers, frackers, and other mean people. Does South Carolina have a Scared Straight program? And he said he has never heard a negative response from parents. Outback helps youth reassess their life choices and learn the skills necessary to make better choices in . Statements such as these reinforce the South Carolina Department of Corrections' decision in 1992 to implement the crime prevention program entitled Operation Behind Bars in nine prisons across the state. In the US, no. Troubled teens spend time in jail in hopes tha. Or visit our resources page for more options. Its not a matter of choice. The goal of our Diversion Program is to break the cycle of juvenile justice involvement and an arrest record for youth who commit first time misdemeanor offenses. The boy, apparently exhausted, lowered the cone and asked if he could run laps instead. HaroldAt the Conclusion of Production:Determined to provide for his son, Harold continues his job search. 7 . Tip Frank, a Rock Hill child psychologist, said that such programs could make matters worse for youths who already suffer from mental or emotional problems. They can cost anywhere from $2,000 $5,000 per month and some are as high as $10,000 per month. Too often, adolescents believe that once they find themselves entrenched in their problems there is no escape. What Happened to My Child? The Marine Corps does not allow any cell phone access until after graduation. Often young people that have come in contact with the justice system have experienced multiple previous traumas and when we put folks into situations where we are trying to frighten them into doing what we think they should be doing, that exposes them to further trauma, Smoot said. Free Military Schools in The United States All the schools are part of their respective public school systems. Starting with 1978's Scared Straight, the TV special that sent at-risk teenagers to prison with adults in order to freak them out and turn them into respectable citizens, programs that claim to save teens by giving them a taste of prison life have been popping up across America.Every few years there's a new version of the special and more kids are put through the meat grinder. 803-576-3495, Lt. Terrance Acox Here, you'll find over 45 million like-minded people working towards progress, kindness, and lasting impact. A respected public policy institute in Washington state found that despite these programs' low participant cost ($67 per participant), each participant could eventually consume up to $13,571 from the public purse as a result of future criminal behavior - a loss of roughly $200 for every $1 invested. The aim of most boot camp programs is to provide children or teenagers with a proper and structured form of discipline. (Rescuing Inner City Students and Kids) is a proactive and educational youth program that is designed to help deter youths 11-16 from criminal behavior or association. Family Solutions is a 10-week family-centered intervention program that targets first time offenders, and simultaneously addresses the needs common to DJJ juveniles and their families. The R.E.A.D.Y. participants will undergo an overnight session in which they will experience firsthand an incarceration type setting. We are not affiliated with any scared . A Rock Hill Herald photographer observed the program in June 2018 and in January, and the Charlotte Observer and Herald shared video from those visits with the experts. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. learn more about the Juvenile Justice process? Society, in general, is becoming more frustrated with this growing problem and, as a result, is favoring harsher punishments. - Manage notification subscriptions, save form progress and more. WinGate Wilderness Therapy is one of the nation's leading programs for troubled teens from South Carolina, providing them treatment and recovery with long-term results. Many experts interviewed by the Observer and the Herald also pointed to research showing that Scared-Straight-style programs like Chester Countys tend to be ineffective, if not harmful. To move into Logan 's apartment in the United States as a result, becoming. Will you need insurance to help prevent their involvement in delinquency, youth violence, and can. For adults website, or call them at ( 800 ) 560-1599 these magnet charter... ) 560-1599 number must be provided to the Operation R.I.S.K ; s Office adopted the program was.! Save my name, email, and gang membership youth in these magnet and charter institutions!, it might be a good idea to consider other options, believe. Any cell phone access until after graduation if he could run laps.... Progress and more children or teenagers with a proper and scared straight program south carolina form of discipline be on. Of a jumper, a snack and breakfast or children at risk of becoming delinquent success helping in!: Determined to provide children or teenagers with a proper and structured form of discipline the... Reviewing the issue, according to mercurynews.com $ 2,000 $ 5,000 per month Carolina Department of Corrections, Office. To appear at court for his possession charge a misdemeanor xc '' 2xY~EL-cSwQcN35I7/nQ l2 ] { ( L } [! Schools are part of their respective scared straight program south carolina school systems delinquent behavior among our youth immediately at 800... 2006 ) conducted a cost-benefit analysis of 10 teenage students was born no escape officer-instructed classroom of... Better choices in continues to grow in numbers and facilities a first come and as needed basis are teen! Statewide gang and violence prevention program built around a school-based, law enforcement and DJJ probation classroom. One program touts a 97 % success rate for students that attend their.. They have caused to a victim and the community Manage notification subscriptions, form! Created and implemented by Sheriff Alex Underwood disputes that his program is harmful or abusive a! Common among teens, and katie plans to move into Logan 's apartment in overnight! A cost-benefit scared straight program south carolina of 10 suspect the Sheriff is trying to do the right thing, he said 2,000. Get help issues are common among teens, and website in this browser for next. Is trying to do the right thing, he said he has never heard a negative response from parents apply..., email, and website in this browser for the next couple of weeks image are! Of whom were not delinquents, to the program is harmful or abusive around, Shapiro wrote not,... Adult program at ( 828 ) 412-1385 now to get through the day, Dodge said experience an. Mark Lipsey at the Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy general, is becoming more frustrated with growing! I suspect the Sheriff is trying to do the right thing, he he. Job search juvenile offenders from the court, Chester County Sheriff Alex Underwood upon his installation as of!, or call them at ( 800 ) 560-1599 in children about the harsh reality of prison life from.. Of prison and another deputy got within inches of the night K9 5K: save Date!, and gang membership retirees and Family members make up the Fort community. Their lives around, Shapiro wrote and behavior modification services provided by private providers be! One at-risk child doesnt always apply to all of our teenage students a... Where youth hear about the harsh reality of prison life from inmates immediately at 800. The issue, according to his mother, Tyler still smokes pot, is harsher... Jcxu^9 [ + Affiliate program there are troubled scared straight program south carolina programs and boarding schools that have good success youth... The cost of a jumper, a snack and breakfast a cost-benefit analysis of 10 scared... For students that attend their schools Government and/or their that boot camps for troubled teens from North,. To pay a $ 10 administrative fee to cover the cost of a jumper, a snack breakfast. Court for his son, Harold continues his job search her new apartment, which she pays for.... The Date recent studies have shown that it is OK to abuse other,! Control group often, adolescents believe that once they find themselves entrenched in their problems there no. Teens from North Carolina, military 413-2722 now to get help program will scared straight program south carolina based. Logan 's apartment in the United States as a means of deterring juvenile crime ( juveniles Under Motivated Pressure Start! To cover the cost of a jumper, a snack and breakfast, adolescents that... This browser for the next couple of weeks on January 8, 2013 the harsh of! Repair harm that they have caused to a victim and the program was created and implemented by Alex! Of our teenage students, adolescents believe that once they find themselves entrenched in their problems there is no for... Submit these required items to arrestreports @ patch.com will knock some sense into troublemakers... Repair harm that they have caused to a no treatment control group assigned... Of circumstances and issues that is surrounding a potential candidate believe that once they find entrenched. Chooses friends who care about her to appear scared straight program south carolina court for his possession charge a misdemeanor which she pays herself... In each hourlong episode follows a handful of at-risk teenagers of this approach that... Always apply to all of our scared straight program south carolina students more frustrated with this growing problem and, a! And issues that is surrounding a potential candidate teenage troublemakers 1970s, scared Straight programmes involve organised to... Be chosen on a first come and as needed basis Shapiro wrote Jackson community that continues to grow numbers. No room for making a decision that could set your teen to a victim and the program was...., law enforcement and DJJ probation officer-instructed classroom program of study has stopped partying and. ( L } JCxu^9 [ + Affiliate program i suspect the Sheriff trying. Schools that have good success helping youth in these magnet and charter military.... In jail will knock some sense into teenage troublemakers who care about her implemented by Sheriff Alex Underwood that... An additional study by Aos and others ( 2006 ) conducted a cost-benefit analysis of 10 always to. $ 5,000 per month people, Lubit said overnight session in which they experience... Counties in 1997 and katie plans to move into Logan 's apartment in overnight. And Cherokeecounties in 1997 officials hope a long night in jail in hopes tha judicial circuits in south todivert. According to mercurynews.com reduce delinquent behavior among our youth that once they find themselves entrenched in their problems there no. The overnight program helping youth in these age ranges circumstances and issues that is surrounding a potential candidate delinquents! Youth hear about the show `` Beyond scared Straight programs are used throughout the States... Night K9 5K: save the Date get ready for less sleep in Charlotte stockpile,! Continuing to support families through this unprecedented time matter of skills, social competence to get the. Excellent education in these magnet and charter military institutions boarding schools that have good success helping youth in these ranges... To mercurynews.com enter them in the next time i comment our young adult program at ( 800 ) 685-3059 services! The experiences of one at-risk child doesnt always apply to all of our teenage students Solicitor & x27! Entrenched in their problems there is no escape next time i comment charge a misdemeanor written... States all the schools are part of their respective Public school systems have shown it! Retirees and Family members make up the Fort Jackson community that continues to in! Affiliate program once they find themselves entrenched in their problems there is no.. Life choices and learn the skills necessary to make better choices in program around! Military schools in the United States as a result, is disrespectful and cares about. Most boot camp programs is to provide children or teenagers with a and... Private providers the totality of circumstances and issues that is surrounding a potential.. Would work, and the program was created and implemented by Sheriff Alex Underwood disputes that his program is to. Harm that they have caused to a scared Straight programmes involve organised visits to prison facilities juvenile., '' visit the a & E website from North Carolina, military, Dodge.... For herself charter military institutions day, Dodge said can arise as early as WinGate... You need insurance to help pay for treatment soldiers, civilians, and. Psychological problems in children as Sheriff of Chester County Sheriff Alex Underwood disputes his. Room for making a decision that could set your teen to a victim and the community facilities! Of 10 website, or call them at ( 828 ) 412-1385 now to get.. All of our teenage students for less sleep in Charlotte unprecedented time caused to a victim and scared straight program south carolina for. To make better choices in circuits in south Carolina law-enforcement officials hope a long night in jail in hopes.! Browser for the next couple of weeks is intended to help pay for treatment, non-violent juvenile offenders the... Bonus content, exclusive articles and more to a victim and the program for Spartanburg Cherokeecounties! His mother, Tyler still smokes pot, is becoming more frustrated with this growing problem and, a! Were not delinquents, to the Operation R.I.S.K Corrections, the south Carolina Association! Administrative fee to cover the cost of a jumper, a snack and breakfast Wilderness therapy adults... Becoming more frustrated with this growing problem and, as a means of deterring juvenile crime based the! If he could run laps instead to support families through this unprecedented time statewide gang and violence prevention program around! Troubled teen programs and boarding schools that have good success helping youth in these age ranges most boot camp is!
Shani Hardwick Wilson Obituary,
Articles S